The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 2, sentence 85
He made a snatch with his red claws at the King and Hippogriff, but he was too feeble to reach them, and besides, he did not dare to overexert himself for fear he should get any hotter.
Who acts: Horse · What happens: make, be, reach, not dare, not overexert, get · To what, where: snatch, claws, Horse, fear
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 snatch | det |
| 4 | snatch | snatch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 claws | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 claws | nmod:poss |
| 7 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 claws | amod |
| 8 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 snatch | nmod |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 King | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 King | det |
| 11 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 claws | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 Hippogriff | cc |
| 13 | Hippogriff | Hippogriff | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 King | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 feeble | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 feeble | cc |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 feeble | nsubj |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 feeble | cop |
| 18 | too | too | ADV | _ | 19 feeble | advmod |
| 19 | feeble | feeble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 made | parataxis |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 reach | mark |
| 21 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 feeble | advcl |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 reach | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 dare | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 dare | cc |
| 25 | besides | besides | INTJ | _ | 30 dare | discourse |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 besides | punct |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 dare | nsubj |
| 28 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 dare | aux |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 dare | advmod |
| 30 | dare | dare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 made | parataxis |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 overexert | mark |
| 32 | overexert | overexert | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 dare | xcomp |
| 33 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 32 overexert | obj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 fear | case |
| 35 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 overexert | obl |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 get | nsubj |
| 37 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 get | aux |
| 38 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 fear | acl:relcl |
| 39 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 40 hotter | det |
| 40 | hotter | hot | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 38 get | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Horse | a snatch | with Horse's red claws at the King and Hippogriff | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snatch=Product | |||
| 2 | is | past | Horse | feeble property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | reach | to-infinitive | Horse not said here | claws = claw | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not dare | past · do-support | Horse | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not overexert | to-infinitive | Horse not said here | Horse | for fear | tree rules | |||
| 6 | get | should | Horse | fear not said here | hot property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fear=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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