The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 3, sentence 86
He had often watched them flying across the sea, but he had never expected to get to know one personally.
Who acts: Tom, wings · What happens: watch, fly, not expect, get, know · To what, where: wings, sea, Tom, one
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tom, wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 watched | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 watched | aux |
| 3 | often | often | ADV | _ | 4 watched | advmod |
| 4 | watched | watch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 watched | obj |
| 6 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 watched | xcomp |
| 7 | across | across | ADP | _ | 9 sea | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sea | det |
| 9 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 flying | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 expected | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 expected | cc |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 expected | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 expected | aux |
| 14 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 15 expected | advmod |
| 15 | expected | expect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 watched | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 get | mark |
| 17 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 expected | xcomp |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 know | mark |
| 19 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 get | xcomp |
| 20 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 know | obj |
| 21 | personally | personally | ADV | _ | 19 know | advmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 watched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | watch | past · perfect | Tom | wings = wing | often property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | fly | gerund | wings = wing not said here | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across sea=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | not expect | past · perfect · passive | Tom | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | get not said to happen | to-infinitive | Tom not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | know | to-infinitive | Tom not said here | one | personally property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/3/86/