The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 4, sentence 55
"The defenses of our country have been swallowed up," said Uncle James.
Who acts: Uncle James · What happens: swallow up, say · To what, where: defenses · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Uncle James), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 swallowed | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 defenses | det |
| 3 | defenses | defense | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 swallowed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 country | case |
| 5 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 country | nmod:poss |
| 6 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 defenses | nmod |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 swallowed | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 swallowed | aux:pass |
| 9 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 said | ccomp |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 9 swallowed | compound:prt |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 swallowed | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 swallowed | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | Uncle | Uncle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 James | compound |
| 15 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swallow up in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the defenses of our country | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Uncle James | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/4/55/