The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 4, sentence 80
Then Mary Ann began to cry, and said: "Oh, Tom--how can you?
Who acts: Mary · What happens: begin, cry, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mary), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 began | advmod |
| 2 | Mary | Mary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 began | nsubj |
| 3 | Ann | Ann | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Mary | flat |
| 4 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 cry | mark |
| 6 | cry | cry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 began | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 said | cc |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 began | conj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 14 Tom | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 Tom | punct |
| 12 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 14 Tom | discourse |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Oh | punct |
| 14 | Tom | Tom | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 said | ccomp |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 17 can | punct |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 can | advmod |
| 17 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 Tom | nmod |
| 18 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 can | nsubj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | Mary | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | to-infinitive | Mary not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Mary not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/4/80/