The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 5, sentence 105
And I know exactly what we ought to do, but I don't know how we ought to do it."
Who acts: I, we · What happens: know, do, not know · To what, where: hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 know | cc |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 know | nsubj |
| 3 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 5 what | advmod |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 know | obj |
| 6 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 ought | nsubj |
| 7 | ought | ought | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 what | acl:relcl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 do | mark |
| 9 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 ought | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 know | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 know | cc |
| 12 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 know | nsubj |
| 13 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 know | aux |
| 14 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 know | advmod |
| 15 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 know | conj |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 do | advmod |
| 17 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 do | nsubj |
| 18 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 do | aux |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 do | mark |
| 20 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 know | ccomp |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 do | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 know | punct |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | do | to-infinitive | I not said here | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not know | present · do-support | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | do | ought | we | hand | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/5/105/