The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 5, sentence 3
But while all the people were still on their faces, holding on tight to themselves, Uncle James, the magician, never thought of holding tight--he only thought of how to punish Belgian hares and the sons of gardeners; so when the big beasts grew small, he grew small with the other beasts, and the little purple dragon, when he fell at the Princess's feet, saw there a very small magician named Uncle James.
Who acts: people, James, big beasts · What happens: be, hold, not think, think, punish, grow · To what, where: faces, magician, Belgian hares, little purple dragon, feet, small magician · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, James, big beasts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 10 faces | cc |
| 2 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 10 faces | mark |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 people | det:predet |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 people | det |
| 5 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 faces | nsubj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 faces | cop |
| 7 | still | still | ADV | _ | 10 faces | advmod |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 faces | case |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 faces | nmod:poss |
| 10 | faces | face | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 holding | punct |
| 12 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 faces | conj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 tight | case |
| 14 | tight | tight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 holding | xcomp |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 themselves | case |
| 16 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 tight | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 James | punct |
| 18 | Uncle | Uncle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 James | compound |
| 19 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 faces | parataxis |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 magician | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 magician | det |
| 22 | magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 James | appos |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 thought | punct |
| 24 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 25 thought | advmod |
| 25 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 magician | acl |
| 26 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 27 holding | mark |
| 27 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 thought | advcl |
| 28 | tight | tight | ADV | _ | 27 holding | advmod |
| 29 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 32 thought | punct |
| 30 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 thought | nsubj |
| 31 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 thought | advmod |
| 32 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 thought | parataxis |
| 33 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 36 punish | mark |
| 34 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 punish | advmod |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 punish | mark |
| 36 | punish | punish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 thought | ccomp |
| 37 | Belgian | Belgian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 hares | amod |
| 38 | hares | hare | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 punish | obj |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 sons | cc |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 sons | det |
| 41 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 hares | conj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 gardeners | case |
| 43 | gardeners | gardener | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 sons | nmod |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 grew | punct |
| 45 | so | so | ADV | _ | 50 grew | advmod |
| 46 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 50 grew | advmod |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 beasts | det |
| 48 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 beasts | amod |
| 49 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 grew | nsubj |
| 50 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 thought | conj |
| 51 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 grew | xcomp |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 grew | punct |
| 53 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 grew | nsubj |
| 54 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 grew | conj |
| 55 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 grew | xcomp |
| 56 | with | with | ADP | _ | 59 beasts | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 beasts | det |
| 58 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 beasts | amod |
| 59 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 small | obl |
| 60 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 dragon | punct |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 65 dragon | cc |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 dragon | det |
| 63 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 dragon | amod |
| 64 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 dragon | amod |
| 65 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 grew | obl |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 fell | punct |
| 67 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 69 fell | advmod |
| 68 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 69 fell | nsubj |
| 69 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 grew | conj |
| 70 | at | at | ADP | _ | 74 feet | case |
| 71 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 72 Princess | det |
| 72 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 74 feet | nmod:poss |
| 73 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 72 Princess | case |
| 74 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 fell | obl |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 76 saw | punct |
| 76 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 fell | conj |
| 77 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 76 saw | advmod |
| 78 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 81 magician | det |
| 79 | very | very | ADV | _ | 80 small | advmod |
| 80 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 81 magician | amod |
| 81 | magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 saw | obj |
| 82 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 81 magician | acl |
| 83 | Uncle | Uncle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 84 James | compound |
| 84 | James | James | PROPN | Number=Sing | 82 named | xcomp |
| 85 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 faces | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | all people | people's faces | still | tree rules | |||
| 2 | hold | gerund | all people not said here | tight property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | not think speech: other | participle | the magician not said here | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | hold | gerund | tight property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | past | James | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | punish | to-infinitive | Belgian hares and the sons of gardeners | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hare=Patient | |||||
| 7 | grow | past | the big beasts | small property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | grow | past | James | the little purple dragon | small property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 9 | fall | past | James | the Princess's feet | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at foot=Location | ||||
| 10 | see | past | James not said here | a small magician | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer magician=Stimulus | |||
| 11 | name | participle | a small magician not said here | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/5/3/