The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 6, sentence 72

It had cost only sixpence to begin with, and she had had it a month, and it never could sharpen anything but slate-pencils; but somehow she managed to make that knife cut her sash in front, and crept out of it, leaving the dragon with only a green silk bow in one of his claws.

Who acts: Effie, knife · What happens: cost, begin, have, not sharpen, manage, make · To what, where: knife, anything, sash, front, dragon

This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Effie, knife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cost	nsubj:pass
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 cost	aux
3	cost	cost	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 sixpence	advmod
5	sixpence	sixpence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cost	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 begin	mark
7	begin	begin	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 cost	advcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	7 begin	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 had	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 had	cc
11	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 had	nsubj
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 had	aux
13	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 cost	parataxis
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 had	obj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 month	det
16	month	month	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 had	obl:unmarked
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 sharpen	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 sharpen	cc
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 sharpen	nsubj
20	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	22 sharpen	advmod
21	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 sharpen	aux
22	sharpen	sharpen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 had	conj
23	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	22 sharpen	obj
24	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 pencils	cc
25	slate	slate	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 pencils	compound
26	-	-	PUNCT	_	25 slate	punct
27	pencils	pencil	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 anything	conj
28	;	;	PUNCT	_	32 managed	punct
29	but	but	CCONJ	_	32 managed	cc
30	somehow	somehow	ADV	_	32 managed	advmod
31	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 managed	nsubj
32	managed	manage	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 cost	conj
33	to	to	PART	_	34 make	mark
34	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	32 managed	xcomp
35	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	36 knife	det
36	knife	knife	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 cut	nsubj
37	cut	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 make	ccomp
38	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	39 sash	nmod:poss
39	sash	sash	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 cut	obj
40	in	in	ADP	_	41 front	case
41	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 cut	obl
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 crept	punct
43	and	and	CCONJ	_	44 crept	cc
44	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	32 managed	parataxis
45	out	out	ADP	_	47 it	case
46	of	of	ADP	_	47 it	case
47	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 crept	obl
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	49 leaving	punct
49	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	44 crept	advcl
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 dragon	det
51	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 leaving	obj
52	with	with	ADP	_	57 bow	case
53	only	only	ADV	_	57 bow	advmod
54	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	57 bow	det
55	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	57 bow	amod
56	silk	silk	NOUN	Number=Sing	57 bow	compound
57	bow	bow	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 leaving	obl
58	in	in	ADP	_	59 one	case
59	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	57 bow	nmod
60	of	of	ADP	_	62 claws	case
61	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	62 claws	nmod:poss
62	claws	claw	NOUN	Number=Plur	59 one	nmod
63	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 cost	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cost	past · perfect · passive		knife					vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary sixpence=Value
2	begin	to-infinitive							vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	have	past · perfect	Effie	knife			month		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
4	not sharpen	could	knife	anything					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent anything=Patient
5	manage	past	Effie					somehow property	vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
6	make	to-infinitive	Effie not said here						tree rules
7	cut	past	that knife	Effie's sash		front			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material sash=Product
8	creep out	past		knife					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location it=Theme
9	leave	gerund			the dragon			with a green silk bow in one of Harry's claws	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: agent=Agent dragon=Recipient with bow=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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