The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 8, sentence 106
George kicked, but it is no use kicking sealskin, and Jane howled, but the dwarfs were getting used to that.
Who acts: George, fate, use, Jane · What happens: kick, be, howl, use · To what, where: use, sealskin, dwarfs
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (George, fate, use, Jane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | George | George | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 kicked | nsubj |
| 2 | kicked | kick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 use | punct |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 use | cc |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 use | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 use | cop |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 use | det |
| 8 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 kicked | ccomp |
| 9 | kicking | kick | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 use | acl |
| 10 | sealskin | sealskin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 kicking | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 howled | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 howled | cc |
| 13 | Jane | Jane | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 howled | nsubj |
| 14 | howled | howl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 kicked | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 used | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 used | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 dwarfs | det |
| 18 | dwarfs | dwarf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 used | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 used | aux:pass |
| 20 | getting | get | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 used | aux:pass |
| 21 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 kicked | conj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 that | case |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 used | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 kicked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | kick | past | George | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | fate | no use | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | kick | gerund | no use not said here | sealskin | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent sealskin=Patient | ||||
| 4 | howl | past | Jane | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | use | past · passive | the dwarfs | to that | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/8/106/