The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 8, sentence 123
Thus spoke the grouse, who certainly had very pretty manners.
Who acts: grouse · What happens: speak, have · To what, where: grouse, pretty manners · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grouse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 2 spoke | advmod |
| 2 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 grouse | det |
| 4 | grouse | grouse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 spoke | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 had | punct |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 had | nsubj |
| 7 | certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 8 had | advmod |
| 8 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 grouse | acl:relcl |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 pretty | advmod |
| 10 | pretty | pretty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 manners | amod |
| 11 | manners | manners | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 8 had | obj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spoke | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | the grouse | thus property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | past | the grouse | pretty manners | certainly property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manners=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/8/123/