The Book of Dragons, Opening, part 8, sentence 82
"Those," shouted the dwarfs, coming a step nearer, "are the fires we make to thaw the dragon.
Who acts: Those, we, nearer fires · What happens: shout, come, be, make, thaw · To what, where: dwarfs, nearer fires, dragon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Those, we, nearer fires), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 shouted | punct |
| 2 | Those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 shouted | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Those | punct |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Those | punct |
| 5 | shouted | shout | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dwarfs | det |
| 7 | dwarfs | dwarf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 shouted | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 coming | punct |
| 9 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 shouted | advcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 step | det |
| 11 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 nearer | obl:unmarked |
| 12 | nearer | near | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 17 fires | amod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 nearer | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 nearer | punct |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 fires | cop |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 fires | det |
| 17 | fires | fire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 coming | obj |
| 18 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 make | nsubj |
| 19 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 fires | acl:relcl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 thaw | mark |
| 21 | thaw | thaw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 make | xcomp |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 dragon | det |
| 23 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 thaw | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 shouted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shout speech: express | past | Those | the dwarfs | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dwarf=Topic | ||||
| 2 | come | gerund | Those not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | the nearer fires | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | make in a quote | present | we | the nearer fires not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | thaw in a quote | to-infinitive | the nearer fires not said here | the dragon | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient dragon=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Book of Dragons» by E. Nesbit, Project Gutenberg book 23661 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg23661/8/82/