The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 12, sentence 10
He started back thinking he was dreaming, and put up his hand; but, alas! the dreadful thing was true.
Who acts: mind, dreadful thing · What happens: start back, think, dream, put up, be · To what, where: hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mind, dreadful thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 started | nsubj |
| 2 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | back | back | ADV | _ | 2 started | advmod |
| 4 | thinking | think | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 started | xcomp |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 dreaming | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 dreaming | aux |
| 7 | dreaming | dream | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 thinking | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 put | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 put | cc |
| 10 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 started | conj |
| 11 | up | up | ADP | _ | 10 put | compound:prt |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 hand | nmod:poss |
| 13 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 put | obj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 true | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 true | cc |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 but | punct |
| 17 | alas | alas | INTJ | _ | 23 true | discourse |
| 18 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 23 true | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 thing | det |
| 20 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 thing | amod |
| 21 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 true | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 true | cop |
| 23 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 started | parataxis |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start back | past | mind | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | think speech: other | gerund | mind not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | dream | past · progressive | mind | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | put up | participle | mind not said here | mind's hand | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the dreadful thing | true property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/12/10/