The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19, sentence 116
The stone-cutter, however, had never seen this spirit, and only shook his head, with an unbelieving air, when anyone spoke of it.
Who acts: stone cutter, anyone · What happens: not see, shake, unbeliev, speak · To what, where: spirit, head · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stone cutter, anyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 cutter | det |
| 2 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cutter | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 stone | punct |
| 4 | cutter | cutter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shook | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 cutter | punct |
| 6 | however | however | ADV | _ | 10 seen | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 however | punct |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 seen | aux |
| 9 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 10 seen | advmod |
| 10 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 cutter | acl:relcl |
| 11 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 spirit | det |
| 12 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 seen | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 shook | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shook | cc |
| 15 | only | only | ADV | _ | 16 shook | advmod |
| 16 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 head | nmod:poss |
| 18 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shook | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 air | punct |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 air | case |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 air | det |
| 22 | unbelieving | unbeliev | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 air | amod |
| 23 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shook | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 spoke | punct |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 spoke | advmod |
| 26 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 27 spoke | nsubj |
| 27 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 shook | parataxis |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 it | case |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 spoke | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 shook | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | past · perfect | the stone cutter not said here | this spirit | however property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spirit=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | shake | past | the stone cutter | Cutter's head | with a unbelieving air | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent head=Patient with air=Co-Patient | |||
| 3 | unbeliev | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | speak speech: other | past | anyone | of spirit | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/19/116/