The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19, sentence 26
Scarcely had he left the town behind him when he came to a broad river which no man might pass, for he was standing at the end of the world, and this was the river which flowed round it.
Who acts: Scarcely, man, this, river · What happens: have, leave, come, pass, stand, be · To what, where: town, broad river, end, river
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scarcely, man, this, river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scarcely | Scarcely | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 left | nsubj |
| 4 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | ccomp |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 town | det |
| 6 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 left | obj |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 left | obl |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 came | advmod |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 came | nsubj |
| 11 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 left | advcl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 river | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 river | det |
| 14 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 river | amod |
| 15 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 came | obl |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 pass | obj |
| 17 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 18 man | det |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 pass | nsubj |
| 19 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 pass | aux |
| 20 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 river | acl:relcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 standing | punct |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 25 standing | mark |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 standing | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 standing | aux |
| 25 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 came | advcl |
| 26 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 end | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 end | det |
| 28 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 standing | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 world | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 world | det |
| 31 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 end | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 river | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 river | cc |
| 34 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 37 river | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 river | cop |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 river | det |
| 37 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obl |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 flowed | nsubj |
| 39 | flowed | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 river | acl:relcl |
| 40 | round | round | ADP | _ | 41 it | case |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 flowed | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Scarcely | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | leave | past | Scarcely | the town | behind prince | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent town=Theme behind he=Location | |||
| 3 | come | past | Scarcely | a broad river | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to river=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | pass | might | no man | a broad river | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme which=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | stand | past · progressive | Scarcely | at the end of the world | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at end=Location | ||||
| 6 | is a | past | this | the river | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | flow | past | the river | round river | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/19/26/