The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 2, sentence 5
About midnight he heard three crows, who had flown to the roof, talking together.
Who acts: midnight, three crows · What happens: hear, fly, talk · To what, where: three crows
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (midnight, three crows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 midnight | advmod |
| 2 | midnight | midnight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 crows | nummod |
| 6 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 heard | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 flown | punct |
| 8 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 flown | nsubj |
| 9 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 flown | aux |
| 10 | flown | fly | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 crows | acl:relcl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 roof | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 roof | det |
| 13 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 flown | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 talking | punct |
| 15 | talking | talk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 heard | conj |
| 16 | together | together | ADV | _ | 15 talking | advmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | midnight | three crows | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer crow=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | fly | past · perfect | three crows | to the roof result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to roof=Result | ||||
| 3 | talk | gerund | midnight not said here | together property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/2/5/