The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 107

The birds saw the food, and flew round his head in numbers hoping for some crumbs, but he threw stones at them, and frightened them off.

Who acts: birds, numbers, beggar · What happens: see, fly, hope, throw, frighten off · To what, where: food, numbers, stones

This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, numbers, beggar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 birds	det
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 food	det
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 flew	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 flew	cc
8	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 saw	conj
9	round	round	ADP	_	11 head	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 head	nmod:poss
11	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flew	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 numbers	case
13	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 flew	obl
14	hoping	hope	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 numbers	acl
15	for	for	ADP	_	17 crumbs	case
16	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	17 crumbs	det
17	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 hoping	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 threw	punct
19	but	but	CCONJ	_	21 threw	cc
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 threw	nsubj
21	threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 saw	parataxis
22	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 threw	obj
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 them	case
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 threw	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 frightened	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 frightened	cc
27	frightened	frighten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 saw	parataxis
28	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 frightened	obj
29	off	off	ADP	_	27 frightened	compound:prt
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	see	past	the birds	the food			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer food=Stimulus
2	fly	past	the birds not said here		numbers	round beggar's head	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in number=Location
3	hope	gerund	numbers not said here			for some crumbs	vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for crumb=Theme
4	throw	past	beggar	stones		at stones = stone	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at they=Destination
5	frighten off	past		stones = stone			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/107/