The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21, sentence 84
And he told the king how he had been forced to run away from his stepfather, and how he had spared the three birds, and had joined the two soldiers, who had from envy done their utmost to ruin him.
Who acts: father, two soldiers · What happens: tell, force, run away, spare, join, have · To what, where: king, father, three birds, two soldiers, envy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, two soldiers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 told | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 told | nsubj |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 king | det |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 told | obj |
| 6 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 forced | advmod |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 forced | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 forced | aux |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 forced | aux:pass |
| 10 | forced | force | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 told | ccomp |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 run | mark |
| 12 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 forced | xcomp |
| 13 | away | away | ADV | _ | 12 run | advmod |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 stepfather | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 stepfather | nmod:poss |
| 16 | stepfather | stepfather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 away | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 spared | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 spared | cc |
| 19 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 spared | advmod |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 spared | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 spared | aux |
| 22 | spared | spare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 forced | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 birds | det |
| 24 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 25 birds | nummod |
| 25 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 spared | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 joined | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 joined | cc |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 joined | aux |
| 29 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 told | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 soldiers | det |
| 31 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 soldiers | nummod |
| 32 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 joined | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 had | punct |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 had | nsubj |
| 35 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 soldiers | acl:relcl |
| 36 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 envy | case |
| 37 | envy | envy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 had | obl |
| 38 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 had | xcomp |
| 39 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 utmost | nmod:poss |
| 40 | utmost | utmost | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 done | xcomp |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 ruin | mark |
| 42 | ruin | ruin | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 utmost | advcl |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 ruin | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | father | the king | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent king=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | force | past · perfect · passive | father | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | run away | to-infinitive | father not said here | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | spare | past · perfect | father | the three birds | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: agent=Agent bird=Asset | ||||
| 5 | join | past · perfect | the two soldiers | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient | |||||
| 6 | have | past | the two soldiers | envy | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | do | participle | the two soldiers not said here | utmost property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 8 | ruin | to-infinitive | the two soldiers not said here | father | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/21/84/