The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 22, sentence 27
When they had cleared off every crumb the largest bird with the gayest plumage said to him: “If you are in trouble and need help say, ‘My birds, come to me!’ and we will come.”
Who acts: birds, largest bird, man, help, we · What happens: clear off, say, be, need, come · To what, where: crumb, man, trouble, help, largest bird · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, largest bird, man, help), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 cleared | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 cleared | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 cleared | aux |
| 4 | cleared | clear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 4 cleared | compound:prt |
| 6 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 crumb | det |
| 7 | crumb | crumb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cleared | obj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 bird | det |
| 9 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 bird | amod |
| 10 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 said | nsubj |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 plumage | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 plumage | det |
| 13 | gayest | gay | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 14 plumage | amod |
| 14 | plumage | plumage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bird | nmod |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 crumb | acl:relcl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 said | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 trouble | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 trouble | punct |
| 20 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 trouble | mark |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 trouble | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 trouble | cop |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 trouble | case |
| 24 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 cleared | parataxis |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 need | cc |
| 26 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 trouble | conj |
| 27 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 need | obj |
| 28 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 need | xcomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 birds | punct |
| 30 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 32 birds | punct |
| 31 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 birds | nmod:poss |
| 32 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 say | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 come | punct |
| 34 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 say | ccomp |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 me | case |
| 36 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 come | obl |
| 37 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 34 come | punct |
| 38 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 come | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 come | cc |
| 40 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 42 come | nsubj |
| 41 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 come | aux |
| 42 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 say | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 trouble | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 trouble | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | clear off | past · perfect | birds = bird | every crumb | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: express | past | the largest bird with the gayest plumage | every crumb not said here | man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent crumb=Topic to he=Recipient | |||
| 3 | is a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | man | trouble | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | need in a quote | present | man not said here | help | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | say speech: assert not said to happen, in a quote | infinitive | help not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | come in a quote | infinitive | the largest bird with the gayest plumage = bird | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to i=Initial_Location | |||||
| 7 | come in a quote | future | we | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/22/27/