The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26, sentence 91
“Where are the sheep?” asked the herdsman as the young man ran panting up the steps.
Who acts: sheep, young man · What happens: be, ask, run, pant up · To what, where: sheep, herdsman, steps · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sheep, young man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 asked | punct |
| 2 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 5 sheep | advmod |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sheep | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sheep | det |
| 5 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 asked | nsubj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 sheep | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 sheep | punct |
| 8 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 herdsman | det |
| 10 | herdsman | herdsman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 asked | obj |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 ran | mark |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 13 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ran | nsubj |
| 15 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 asked | advcl |
| 16 | panting | pant | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 ran | xcomp |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 panting | compound:prt |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 steps | det |
| 19 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 panting | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | the sheep | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | the sheep | the herdsman | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent herdsman=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | run | past | the young man | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | pant up | gerund | the young man not said here | the steps | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/26/91/