The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 28, sentence 48
The fire had to be passed through before he had gone very far, and when he came to it, Peter shook the napkins three times in the flames and a passage opened for trim.
Who acts: fire, Peter · What happens: have, pass, go, come, shake, open · To what, where: heart, napkins, flames, passage
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 28. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, Peter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fire | det |
| 2 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 had | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 passed | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 passed | aux:pass |
| 6 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 had | xcomp |
| 7 | through | through | SCONJ | _ | 11 gone | mark |
| 8 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 11 gone | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 gone | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 gone | aux |
| 11 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 passed | advcl |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 far | advmod |
| 13 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 gone | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 shook | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 shook | cc |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 came | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 came | nsubj |
| 18 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 shook | advcl |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 it | case |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 came | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 came | punct |
| 22 | Peter | Peter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 shook | nsubj |
| 23 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 had | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 napkins | det |
| 25 | napkins | napkin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 shook | obj |
| 26 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 times | nummod |
| 27 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 shook | obl:unmarked |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 flames | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 flames | det |
| 30 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 shook | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 passage | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 passage | det |
| 33 | passage | passage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 flames | conj |
| 34 | opened | open | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 passage | acl |
| 35 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 trim | case |
| 36 | trim | trim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 opened | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the fire | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | pass | to-infinitive · passive | the fire not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 3 | go | past · perfect | fire | far property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | come | past | fire | heart | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to it=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | shake | past | Peter | the napkins | the flames and a passage | time | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent napkin=Theme in flame=Trajectory | ||
| 6 | open | participle | a passage not said here | for trim | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/28/48/