The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 3, sentence 50
The king asked whether his army or the prince’s should lead the way; but the prince set off first and with his hussars he fought so bravely that only two of the enemy were left alive, and these two were only spared to act as messengers.
Who acts: king, army, prince · What happens: ask, lead, set off, fight, leave, spare · To what, where: way, two · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, army, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 12 lead | mark |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 army | nmod:poss |
| 6 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lead | nsubj |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 9 prince | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 prince | det |
| 9 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 army | conj |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 6 army | case |
| 11 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 lead | aux |
| 12 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 asked | ccomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 way | det |
| 14 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lead | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 set | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 set | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 prince | det |
| 18 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 set | nsubj |
| 19 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 asked | parataxis |
| 20 | off | off | ADP | _ | 19 set | compound:prt |
| 21 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 19 set | advmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 fought | cc |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 hussars | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 hussars | nmod:poss |
| 25 | hussars | hussar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 fought | obl |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 fought | nsubj |
| 27 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 set | conj |
| 28 | so | so | ADV | _ | 29 bravely | advmod |
| 29 | bravely | bravely | ADV | _ | 27 fought | advmod |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 left | mark |
| 31 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 two | advmod |
| 32 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 left | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 enemy | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 enemy | det |
| 35 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 two | nmod |
| 36 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 left | aux:pass |
| 37 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 fought | advcl |
| 38 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 left | xcomp |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 spared | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 spared | cc |
| 41 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 42 two | det |
| 42 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 45 spared | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 spared | aux:pass |
| 44 | only | only | ADV | _ | 45 spared | advmod |
| 45 | spared | spare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 asked | parataxis |
| 46 | to | to | PART | _ | 47 act | mark |
| 47 | act | act | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 45 spared | advcl |
| 48 | as | as | ADP | _ | 49 messengers | case |
| 49 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 act | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the king | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | lead | should | king's army or the prince | the way | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Theme | ||||
| 3 | set off | past | the prince | first property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | fight | past | king | with king's hussars; bravely property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with hussar=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | leave | past · passive | two of the enemy | alive property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | spare | past · passive | this two | vn bill-54.5 «NP V NP NP.asset»: subject=Asset | |||||
| 7 | act | to-infinitive | as messengers | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as messenger=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/3/50/