The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 30, sentence 15
Niels was too far away to hear their talk, but from their gestures he could guess what was happening, and thought it good fun.
Who acts: Niels, giants · What happens: be, guess, happen, think, talk, gesture · To what, where: gestures, talk · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Niels, giants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Niels | Niels | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 hear | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 hear | cop |
| 3 | too | too | ADV | _ | 4 far | advmod |
| 4 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 away | advmod |
| 5 | away | away | ADV | _ | 7 hear | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 hear | mark |
| 7 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 talk | nmod:poss |
| 9 | talk | talk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hear | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 guess | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 17 guess | cc |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 gestures | case |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 gestures | nmod:poss |
| 14 | gestures | gesture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 guess | obl |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 guess | nsubj |
| 16 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 guess | aux |
| 17 | guess | guess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 hear | conj |
| 18 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 happening | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 happening | aux |
| 20 | happening | happen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 guess | ccomp |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 thought | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 thought | cc |
| 23 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 hear | advcl |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 thought | obj |
| 25 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 fun | amod |
| 26 | fun | fun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 thought | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 hear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Niels | away, hear property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | guess | could | Niels | giants's gestures | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | happen | past · progressive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | think speech: other | past | Niels not said here | talk | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Theme fun=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | talk | giants = giant | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 6 | gesture | giants = giant | nom gesture «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/30/15/