The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 31, sentence 83
Long and hard was the struggle, but Paul’s sword and his shirt helped him, and the twelve heads lay dead upon the ground.
Who acts: Long struggle, twelve heads · What happens: be, help, lay · To what, where: Long struggle, sword, ground
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 31. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Long struggle, twelve heads), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 struggle | amod |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 hard | cc |
| 3 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Long | conj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 struggle | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 struggle | det |
| 6 | struggle | struggle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 helped | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 helped | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 helped | cc |
| 9 | Paul | Paul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 sword | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Paul | case |
| 11 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 helped | nsubj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 shirt | cc |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 shirt | nmod:poss |
| 14 | shirt | shirt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sword | conj |
| 15 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 helped | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 lay | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 lay | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 heads | det |
| 20 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 heads | nummod |
| 21 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 lay | nsubj |
| 22 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 helped | parataxis |
| 23 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 lay | xcomp |
| 24 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 26 ground | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 ground | det |
| 26 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lay | obl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 helped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the Long struggle | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | help | past | the Long struggle | sword | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 3 | lay | present | the twelve heads | the ground | dead property | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon ground=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/31/83/