The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 37, sentence 103
“I cannot start without my friend,” replied the king’s son.
Who acts: son · What happens: not start, reply · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 37. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 start | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 start | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 start | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 start | advmod |
| 5 | start | start | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 replied | ccomp |
| 6 | without | without | ADP | _ | 8 friend | case |
| 7 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 friend | nmod:poss |
| 8 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 start | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 start | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 start | punct |
| 11 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 king | det |
| 13 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 son | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 king | case |
| 15 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 replied | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 replied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not start in a quote | can | the king's son = son | without my friend | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | reply speech: assert | past | the king's son | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/37/103/