The Crimson Fairy Book, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 9, sentence 84
“My son,” whispered he, in a voice that echoed through the cavern, “what brings you to this dark and dismal place?
Who acts: son, voice · What happens: whisper, echo, bring · To what, where: hermit, voice, cavern, you, dark place · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, The Crimson Fairy Book, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 son | punct |
| 2 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 son | nmod:poss |
| 3 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 whispered | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 son | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 son | punct |
| 6 | whispered | whisper | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 whispered | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 voice | punct |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 voice | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 voice | det |
| 11 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 whispered | obl |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 echoed | nsubj |
| 13 | echoed | echo | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 voice | acl:relcl |
| 14 | through | through | ADP | _ | 16 cavern | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 cavern | det |
| 16 | cavern | cavern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 echoed | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 brings | punct |
| 18 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 brings | punct |
| 19 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 20 brings | nsubj |
| 20 | brings | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 whispered | parataxis |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 brings | obj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 place | case |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 place | det |
| 24 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 place | amod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 dismal | cc |
| 26 | dismal | dismal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 dark | conj |
| 27 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 brings | obl |
| 28 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 whispered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | whisper speech: ask | past | My son | hermit | a voice | tree rules | |||
| 2 | echo | past | a voice | the cavern | vn sound_existence-47.4 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through cavern=Location | ||||
| 3 | bring in a quote | present | you | this dark place | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme to place=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Crimson Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 2435 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2435/9/84/