Grimms' Fairy Tales, Tom Thumb, sentence 44
‘What noise was that?’ said the thief, frightened; ‘I’m sure I heard someone speak.’
Who acts: noise, I, someone · What happens: noise, be, say, frighten, hear, speak · To what, where: that, thief · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Tom Thumb. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noise, I, someone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 noise | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 noise | nsubj |
| 3 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 that | cop |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 noise | nmod |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 noise | punct |
| 7 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 noise | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 thief | det |
| 10 | thief | thief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 frightened | punct |
| 12 | frightened | frighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 thief | acl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 ’m | punct |
| 14 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 16 ’m | punct |
| 15 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 ’m | nsubj |
| 16 | ’m | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | conj |
| 17 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 ’m | xcomp |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 heard | nsubj |
| 19 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sure | ccomp |
| 20 | someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 21 speak | nsubj |
| 21 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 heard | xcomp |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 23 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | noise | tree rules | |||||||
| 2 | is a | past | that | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | noise | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | frighten | participle | the thief not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | be | present | I | sure property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | hear | past | I | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | speak speech: other | infinitive | someone | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/25/44/