Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Elves and the Shoemaker, sentence 1

There was once a shoemaker, who worked very hard and was very honest: but still he could not earn enough to live upon; and at last all he had in the world was gone, save just leather enough to make one pair of shoes.

Who acts: shoemaker, all · What happens: be, work, not earn, live, have, save · To what, where: world, one pair

This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Elves and the Shoemaker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shoemaker, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 was	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 shoemaker	det
5	shoemaker	shoemaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 worked	punct
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 worked	nsubj
8	worked	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 shoemaker	acl:relcl
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 hard	advmod
10	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 worked	xcomp
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 honest	cc
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 honest	cop
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 honest	advmod
14	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 worked	conj
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 honest	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	21 earn	cc
17	still	still	ADV	_	21 earn	advmod
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 earn	nsubj
19	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 earn	aux
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	21 earn	advmod
21	earn	earn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 honest	conj
22	enough	enough	ADV	_	21 earn	advmod
23	to	to	PART	_	24 live	mark
24	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 earn	advcl
25	upon	upon	ADP	_	24 live	obl
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	37 gone	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 gone	cc
28	at	at	ADP	_	29 last	case
29	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 all	obl
30	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	37 gone	nsubj
31	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 had	nsubj
32	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 all	acl:relcl
33	in	in	ADP	_	35 world	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 world	det
35	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 had	obl
36	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 gone	cop
37	gone	gone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 was	parataxis
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 save	punct
39	save	save	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	41 leather	advcl
40	just	just	ADV	_	41 leather	advmod
41	leather	leather	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	37 gone	parataxis
42	enough	enough	ADV	_	41 leather	advmod
43	to	to	PART	_	44 make	mark
44	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	41 leather	advcl
45	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	46 pair	nummod
46	pair	pair	NOUN	Number=Sing	44 make	obj
47	of	of	ADP	_	48 shoes	case
48	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	46 pair	nmod
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a shoemaker		there		once property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	work	past	a shoemaker				hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	past	a shoemaker not said here				honest property	tree rules
4	not earn	could	shoemaker			still	enough property	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	live	to-infinitive	shoemaker not said here					vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	have	past	shoemaker		the world			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
7	is	past	all				gone property	tree rules
8	save	infinitive						vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9	leather	infinitive					enough property	tree rules
10	make	to-infinitive		one pair of shoes				vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pair=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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