Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Raven, sentence 28

As the raven drove along her four chestnut horses, she said sorrowfully to herself, ‘I know he has fallen asleep.’

Who acts: raven, woman, I, man · What happens: drive, say, know, fall · To what, where: woman · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Raven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (raven, woman, I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	SCONJ	_	4 drove	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 raven	det
3	raven	raven	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drove	nsubj
4	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 said	advcl
5	along	along	ADP	_	9 horses	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 horses	nmod:poss
7	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 chestnut	nummod
8	chestnut	chestnut	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 horses	compound
9	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drove	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 drove	punct
11	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 said	nsubj
12	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	sorrowfully	sorrowfully	ADV	_	15 herself	advmod
14	to	to	ADP	_	15 herself	case
15	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	12 said	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct
17	‘	'	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct
18	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	19 know	nsubj
19	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 said	ccomp
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 fallen	nsubj
21	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 fallen	aux
22	fallen	fall	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	19 know	ccomp
23	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 fallen	xcomp
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct
25	’	'	PUNCT	_	19 know	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	other	roles by
1	drive	past	the raven		along woman's chestnut horses	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along horse=Trajectory
2	say speech: assert	past	woman	woman		vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to herself=Experiencer clause=Topic
3	know	present	I			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	fall	present · perfect	man		asleep property	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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