Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Raven, sentence 36
She was sadder than ever as she drove along, and said mournfully, ‘I know he has fallen asleep, and will not be able to set me free.’
Who acts: woman, I, man · What happens: be, drive, say, know, fall, not be · To what, where: me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Raven. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 sadder | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sadder | cop |
| 3 | sadder | sad | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 8 drove | mark |
| 5 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 8 drove | advmod |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 drove | mark |
| 7 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 drove | nsubj |
| 8 | drove | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sadder | advcl |
| 9 | along | along | ADV | _ | 8 drove | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sadder | conj |
| 13 | mournfully | mournfully | ADV | _ | 12 said | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 know | punct |
| 15 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 know | punct |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 know | nsubj |
| 17 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 sadder | parataxis |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 fallen | nsubj |
| 19 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 fallen | aux |
| 20 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 know | ccomp |
| 21 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 fallen | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 able | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 able | cc |
| 24 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 able | aux |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 able | advmod |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 able | cop |
| 27 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 know | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 set | mark |
| 29 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 able | xcomp |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 set | obj |
| 31 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 set | xcomp |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sadder | punct |
| 33 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 sadder | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | woman | sad property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | drive | past | woman | ever | along property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | woman not said here | mournfully property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | know | present | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | fall | present · perfect | man | asleep property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | not is | future | I not said here | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | set | to-infinitive | I not said here | me | free property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient i=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/47/36/