Grimms' Fairy Tales, The King of the Golden Mountain, sentence 4
One day, as he was roaming along in a brown study, thinking with no great comfort on what he had been and what he now was, and was like to be, all on a sudden there stood before him a little, rough-looking, black dwarf.
Who acts: news, all · What happens: roam, think, be, stand, look · To what, where: brown study, little, black dwarf
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The King of the Golden Mountain. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (news, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 roaming | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 roaming | punct |
| 4 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 roaming | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 roaming | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 roaming | aux |
| 7 | roaming | roam | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | along | along | ADV | _ | 7 roaming | advmod |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 study | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 study | det |
| 11 | brown | brown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 study | amod |
| 12 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 roaming | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 thinking | punct |
| 14 | thinking | think | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 roaming | conj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 comfort | case |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 18 comfort | det |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 comfort | amod |
| 18 | comfort | comfort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 thinking | obl |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 what | case |
| 20 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 comfort | nmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 been | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 been | aux |
| 23 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 what | acl:relcl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 what | cc |
| 25 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 comfort | conj |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 like | nsubj |
| 27 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 32 like | advmod |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 like | cop |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 like | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 like | cc |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 like | cop |
| 32 | like | like | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 what | acl:relcl |
| 33 | to | to | PART | _ | 34 be | mark |
| 34 | be | be | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 like | xcomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 all | punct |
| 36 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 41 stood | nsubj |
| 37 | on | on | ADP | _ | 39 sudden | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 sudden | det |
| 39 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 all | nmod |
| 40 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 sudden | advmod |
| 41 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 roaming | parataxis |
| 42 | before | before | ADP | _ | 43 him | case |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 stood | obl |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 little | det |
| 45 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 stood | obl:unmarked |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 looking | punct |
| 47 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 looking | amod |
| 48 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 rough | punct |
| 49 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 stood | advcl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 dwarf | punct |
| 51 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 dwarf | amod |
| 52 | dwarf | dwarf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 looking | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 roaming | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | roam | past · progressive | news | a brown study | day | along property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in study=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | think speech: other | gerund | news not said here | with no great comfort | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | past | news | now | like property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | be not said to happen | to-infinitive | news not said here | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | stand | past | all | a little | before news | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location | |||
| 6 | look | gerund | all not said here | black dwarf | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/51/4/