Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was, sentence 29
Then the boy called to him for the third time, and as that was also to no purpose, he ran against him and pushed the ghost down the stairs, so that it fell down the ten steps and remained lying there in a corner.
Who acts: that, boy, ghost · What happens: call, be, run, push, fall down, remain · To what, where: boy, ghost, stairs, ten steps, corner · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, boy, ghost), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 boy | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 boy | det |
| 3 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 boy | acl |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 him | case |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 called | obl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 time | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 time | det |
| 9 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 time | amod |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 called | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 purpose | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 purpose | cc |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 purpose | mark |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 purpose | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 purpose | cop |
| 16 | also | also | ADV | _ | 19 purpose | advmod |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 purpose | case |
| 18 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 19 purpose | det |
| 19 | purpose | purpose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 boy | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 purpose | punct |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 ran | nsubj |
| 22 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 purpose | parataxis |
| 23 | against | against | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 ran | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 pushed | cc |
| 26 | pushed | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 ran | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 ghost | det |
| 28 | ghost | ghost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 pushed | obj |
| 29 | down | down | ADP | _ | 31 stairs | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 stairs | det |
| 31 | stairs | stair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 pushed | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 fell | punct |
| 33 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 36 fell | mark |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 so | fixed |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 fell | nsubj |
| 36 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 pushed | parataxis |
| 37 | down | down | ADP | _ | 40 steps | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 steps | det |
| 39 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 steps | nummod |
| 40 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 fell | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 remained | cc |
| 42 | remained | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 fell | conj |
| 43 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 42 remained | xcomp |
| 44 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 43 lying | advmod |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 corner | case |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 corner | det |
| 47 | corner | corner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 lying | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 boy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | the boy and no purpose not said here | boy | time | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | |||
| 2 | is | past | that | to no purpose | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | run | past | boy | against sexton | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against he=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | push | past | boy not said here | the ghost | the stairs | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ghost=Theme down stair=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | fall down | past | ghost | the ten steps | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient step=Result | ||||
| 6 | remain | past | ghost not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | lie | gerund | ghost not said here | a corner; there | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in corner=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/57/29/