Grimms' Fairy Tales, Old Sultan, sentence 1
A shepherd had a faithful dog, called Sultan, who was grown very old, and had lost all his teeth.
Who acts: shepherd · What happens: have, call, grow, lose · To what, where: faithful dog, Sultan, teeth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Old Sultan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 shepherd | det |
| 2 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 had | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 dog | det |
| 5 | faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 dog | amod |
| 6 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 had | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 called | punct |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 dog | acl |
| 9 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 called | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 grown | punct |
| 11 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 grown | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 grown | aux:pass |
| 13 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 Sultan | acl:relcl |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 old | advmod |
| 15 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 grown | xcomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 lost | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 lost | cc |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 lost | aux |
| 19 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 had | conj |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 teeth | det:predet |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 22 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 lost | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | a shepherd | a faithful dog | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | a faithful dog not said here | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | grow | past · passive | Sultan | old property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lose | past · perfect | a shepherd not said here | shepherd's teeth | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/6/1/