Grimms' Fairy Tales, Old Sultan, sentence 4
‘But what can we do with him?’ said the shepherd, ‘he has not a tooth in his head, and the thieves don’t care for him at all; to be sure he has served us, but then he did it to earn his livelihood; tomorrow shall be his last day, depend upon it.’
Who acts: we, shepherd, thieves, tomorrow · What happens: do, say, have, not care, be, serve · To what, where: shepherd, tooth, head, all, us, livelihood · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Old Sultan. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, shepherd, thieves, tomorrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 do | punct |
| 2 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 6 do | cc |
| 3 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 6 do | obj |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 do | aux |
| 5 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 do | nsubj |
| 6 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | ccomp |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 him | case |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 do | obl |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 do | punct |
| 10 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 6 do | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 shepherd | det |
| 13 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 has | punct |
| 15 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 17 has | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 has | nsubj |
| 17 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | ccomp |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 tooth | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 tooth | det |
| 20 | tooth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 has | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 head | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 head | nmod:poss |
| 23 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tooth | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 care | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 care | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 thieves | det |
| 27 | thieves | thief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 care | nsubj |
| 28 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 care | aux |
| 29 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 care | advmod |
| 30 | care | care | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 has | conj |
| 31 | for | for | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 care | obl |
| 33 | at | at | ADP | _ | 34 all | case |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 care | obl |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 sure | punct |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 sure | mark |
| 37 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 sure | cop |
| 38 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 said | parataxis |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 served | nsubj |
| 40 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 served | aux |
| 41 | served | serve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 38 sure | ccomp |
| 42 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 41 served | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 did | punct |
| 44 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 47 did | cc |
| 45 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 47 did | advmod |
| 46 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 did | nsubj |
| 47 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 sure | parataxis |
| 48 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 did | obj |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 earn | mark |
| 50 | earn | earn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 did | advcl |
| 51 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 livelihood | nmod:poss |
| 52 | livelihood | livelihood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 earn | obj |
| 53 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 59 day | punct |
| 54 | tomorrow | tomorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 day | nsubj |
| 55 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 59 day | aux |
| 56 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 59 day | cop |
| 57 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 59 day | nmod:poss |
| 58 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 day | amod |
| 59 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 said | parataxis |
| 60 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 depend | punct |
| 61 | depend | depend | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 59 day | parataxis |
| 62 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 63 it | case |
| 63 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 depend | obl |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 59 day | punct |
| 65 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 59 day | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | can | we | with shepherd | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the shepherd | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | have | present | shepherd | a tooth | shepherd's head | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | |||
| 4 | not care | present · do-support | the thieves | all | for shepherd | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for he=Theme | |||
| 5 | is | to-infinitive | sure property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | serve | present · perfect | shepherd | us | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Attribute | ||||
| 7 | do | past | shepherd | head | then | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 8 | earn | to-infinitive | shepherd not said here | shepherd's livelihood | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livelihood=Theme | ||||
| 9 | is a | shall | tomorrow | shepherd's last day | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | depend | infinitive | upon livelihood | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/6/4/