Grimms' Fairy Tales, The Dog and the Sparrow, sentence 3
On the road he met a sparrow that said to him, ‘Why are you so sad, my friend?’
Who acts: dog, sparrow, you · What happens: meet, say, be · To what, where: sparrow, road, dog · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, The Dog and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog, sparrow, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 road | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 road | det |
| 3 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 met | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 met | nsubj |
| 5 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 sparrow | det |
| 7 | sparrow | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 met | obj |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 sparrow | acl:relcl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sad | punct |
| 13 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 18 sad | punct |
| 14 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 sad | advmod |
| 15 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 sad | cop |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 sad | nsubj |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 sad | advmod |
| 18 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 met | parataxis |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 friend | punct |
| 20 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 friend | nmod:poss |
| 21 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sad | obl |
| 22 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 18 sad | punct |
| 23 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 met | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | past | dog | a sparrow | the road | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sparrow=Co-Agent | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | a sparrow | dog | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | you | my friend obl; sad property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Grimms' Fairy Tales» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 2591 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2591/9/3/