Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Twenty-first Evening, sentence 20

I laughed at the poor duck with the red rag on her leg; she limped along so funnily, I could not help laughing; but it's a sin to laugh at animals.'

Who acts: I, duck, leg · What happens: laugh, limp, not help, be · To what, where: sin

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Twenty-first Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, duck, leg), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 laughed	nsubj
2	laughed	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	6 duck	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 duck	det
5	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 duck	amod
6	duck	duck	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 laughed	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 rag	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 rag	det
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 rag	amod
10	rag	rag	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 duck	nmod
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 leg	case
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 leg	nmod:poss
13	leg	leg	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rag	nmod
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 limped	punct
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 limped	nsubj
16	limped	limp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 laughed	conj
17	along	along	ADV	_	16 limped	advmod
18	so	so	ADV	_	19 funnily	advmod
19	funnily	funnily	ADV	_	16 limped	advmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 help	punct
21	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	24 help	nsubj
22	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 help	aux
23	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	24 help	advmod
24	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 limped	advcl
25	laughing	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	24 help	xcomp
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	31 sin	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	31 sin	cc
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 sin	nsubj
29	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 sin	cop
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 sin	det
31	sin	sin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 laughed	parataxis
32	to	to	PART	_	33 laugh	mark
33	laugh	laugh	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	31 sin	acl
34	at	at	ADP	_	35 animals	case
35	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 laugh	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 laughed	punct
37	'	'	PUNCT	_	2 laughed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	laugh	past	I		at the poor duck with the red rag on duck's leg	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	limp	past	duck		along, funnily property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	not help	could	I			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	laugh not said to happen	gerund	I not said here			vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	is a	present	leg	a sin		tree rules
6	laugh	to-infinitive	I not said here		at animals	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/112/20/