Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Twenty-seventh Evening, sentence 1

"The air was calm," said the Moon; "the water was transparent as the purest ether through which I was gliding, and deep below the surface I could see the strange plants that stretched up their long arms towards me like the gigantic trees of the forest.

Who acts: air, Moon, water, strange plants · What happens: be, say, glide, see, stretch up · To what, where: purest ether, surface, strange plants, long arms · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Twenty-seventh Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, Moon, water, strange plants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 calm	punct
2	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 air	det
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 calm	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 calm	cop
5	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 said	ccomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 calm	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 calm	punct
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Moon	det
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 said	nsubj
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 transparent	punct
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 transparent	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 water	det
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 transparent	nsubj
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 transparent	cop
16	transparent	transparent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 said	parataxis
17	as	as	ADP	_	20 ether	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 ether	det
19	purest	pure	ADJ	Degree=Sup	20 ether	amod
20	ether	ether	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 transparent	obl
21	through	through	ADP	_	22 which	case
22	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	25 gliding	obl
23	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	25 gliding	nsubj
24	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 gliding	aux
25	gliding	glide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	20 ether	acl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 deep	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 deep	cc
28	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 transparent	conj
29	below	below	ADP	_	31 surface	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 surface	det
31	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 deep	obl
32	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	34 see	nsubj
33	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	34 see	aux
34	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 said	ccomp
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 plants	det
36	strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 plants	amod
37	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 see	obj
38	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	39 stretched	nsubj
39	stretched	stretch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	37 plants	acl:relcl
40	up	up	ADP	_	39 stretched	compound:prt
41	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	43 arms	nmod:poss
42	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	43 arms	amod
43	arms	arm	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 stretched	obj
44	towards	towards	ADP	_	45 me	case
45	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	39 stretched	obl
46	like	like	ADP	_	49 trees	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	49 trees	det
48	gigantic	gigantic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	49 trees	amod
49	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 stretched	obl
50	of	of	ADP	_	52 forest	case
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 forest	det
52	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 trees	nmod
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	past	the air			calm property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	the Moon				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	is in a quote	past	the water			as the purest ether; transparent property	tree rules
4	glide in a quote	past · progressive	the Moon = moon		the purest ether		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through which=Trajectory
5	be in a quote		the water not said here		the surface		tree rules
6	see in a quote	could	the Moon = moon	the strange plants			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer plant=Stimulus
7	stretch up in a quote	past	the strange plants	plants's long arms		towards the Moon = moon; like the gigantic trees of the forest	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent arm=Patient towards i=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/118/1/