Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Twenty-seventh Evening, sentence 3
High in the air a flight of wild swans were winging their way, one of which sank lower and lower, with wearied pinions, his eyes following the airy caravan, that melted farther and farther into the distance.
Who acts: wild swans, way, eyes, airy caravan · What happens: wing, sink, weary, follow, melt · To what, where: way, one, airy caravan
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Twenty-seventh Evening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wild swans, way, eyes, airy caravan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | High | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 air | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 air | det |
| 4 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 High | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 flight | det |
| 6 | flight | flight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 air | conj |
| 7 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 11 winging | mark |
| 8 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 swans | amod |
| 9 | swans | swan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 winging | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 winging | aux |
| 11 | winging | wing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 flight | acl |
| 12 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 way | nmod:poss |
| 13 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 winging | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 one | punct |
| 15 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 sank | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 sank | nsubj |
| 18 | sank | sink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 way | acl:relcl |
| 19 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 25 pinions | amod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 lower | cc |
| 21 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 19 lower | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 pinions | punct |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 pinions | case |
| 24 | wearied | weary | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 pinions | amod |
| 25 | pinions | pinion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 sank | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 eyes | punct |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 28 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 pinions | conj |
| 29 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 eyes | acl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 caravan | det |
| 31 | airy | airy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 caravan | amod |
| 32 | caravan | caravan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 following | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 melted | punct |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 melted | nsubj |
| 35 | melted | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 caravan | acl:relcl |
| 36 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 35 melted | advmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 farther | cc |
| 38 | farther | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 36 farther | conj |
| 39 | into | into | ADP | _ | 41 distance | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 distance | det |
| 41 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 melted | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 High | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wing | past · progressive | wild swans | swans's way | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme way=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | sink | past | swans's way | one | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pinion=Patient | ||||
| 3 | weary | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | follow | gerund | Moon's eyes not said here | the airy caravan | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent caravan=Theme | ||||
| 5 | melt | past | the airy caravan | into the distance; far property | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material into distance=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/118/3/