Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Neighbouring Families, sentence 15

The young ones above and below--those below were really only shadows in the water--were sparrows; their parents were sparrows too, and had taken possession of the empty swallows' nest of last year, and now lived in it as if it were their own property.

Who acts: those, young ones, parents, sparrows, possession · What happens: be, take, live, possess · To what, where: shadows, water, sparrows, possession, nest

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Neighbouring Families. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (those, young ones, parents, sparrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 ones	det
2	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ones	amod
3	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 sparrows	nsubj
4	above	above	ADV	_	3 ones	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 below	cc
6	below	below	ADV	_	4 above	conj
7	--	--	PUNCT	_	13 shadows	punct
8	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	13 shadows	nsubj
9	below	below	ADV	_	8 those	advmod
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 shadows	cop
11	really	really	ADV	_	13 shadows	advmod
12	only	only	ADV	_	13 shadows	advmod
13	shadows	shadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ones	conj
14	in	in	ADP	_	16 water	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 water	det
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shadows	nmod
17	--	--	PUNCT	_	3 ones	punct
18	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 sparrows	cop
19	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 sparrows	punct
21	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 parents	nmod:poss
22	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 sparrows	nsubj
23	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	24 sparrows	cop
24	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 sparrows	conj
25	too	too	ADV	_	24 sparrows	advmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 taken	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 taken	cc
28	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 taken	aux
29	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 sparrows	acl
30	possession	possession	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 taken	obj
31	of	of	ADP	_	36 nest	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 swallows	det
33	empty	empty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 swallows	amod
34	swallows	swallow	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 nest	nmod:poss
35	'	's	PART	_	34 swallows	case
36	nest	nest	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 possession	nmod
37	of	of	ADP	_	39 year	case
38	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 year	amod
39	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 nest	nmod
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 lived	punct
41	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 lived	cc
42	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	43 lived	advmod
43	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	19 sparrows	parataxis
44	in	in	ADP	_	45 it	case
45	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 lived	obl
46	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	52 property	case
47	if	if	SCONJ	_	46 as	fixed
48	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	52 property	nsubj
49	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	52 property	cop
50	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	52 property	nmod:poss
51	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	52 property	amod
52	property	property	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 lived	obl
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 sparrows	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	those	shadows	the water			tree rules
2	is a	past	the young ones and shadows	sparrows and sparrows				tree rules
3	is a	past	sparrows's parents	sparrows				tree rules
4	take	past · perfect	sparrows and sparrows not said here	possession of the empty swallows's nest of last year				vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent possession=Theme
5	live	past			nest	now		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location
6	is	past	possession				as parents's own property	tree rules
7	possess			the empty swallows's nest of last year				nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/124/15/