Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Neighbouring Families, sentence 169
The pigeons had often cooed, not to say growled--the spiteful creatures; the sparrows had been frozen in winter and had lived merrily in summer: they were all betrothed, or married, or whatever you like to call it.
Who acts: pigeons, you · What happens: coo, not growl, freeze, live, betroth, marry · To what, where: spiteful creatures, sparrows, door · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Neighbouring Families. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pigeons, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 pigeons | det |
| 2 | pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 cooed | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 cooed | aux |
| 4 | often | often | ADV | _ | 5 cooed | advmod |
| 5 | cooed | coo | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 growled | punct |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 growled | advmod |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 say | mark |
| 9 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 growled | aux:pass |
| 10 | growled | growl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 cooed | conj |
| 11 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 14 creatures | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 creatures | det |
| 13 | spiteful | spiteful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 creatures | amod |
| 14 | creatures | creature | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 growled | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 frozen | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 sparrows | det |
| 17 | sparrows | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 frozen | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 frozen | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 frozen | aux:pass |
| 20 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 cooed | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 winter | case |
| 22 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 frozen | obl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 lived | cc |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 lived | aux |
| 25 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 frozen | conj |
| 26 | merrily | merrily | ADV | _ | 25 lived | advmod |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 summer | case |
| 28 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 lived | obl |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 betrothed | punct |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 betrothed | nsubj |
| 31 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 betrothed | aux:pass |
| 32 | all | all | ADV | _ | 33 betrothed | advmod |
| 33 | betrothed | betroth | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 cooed | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 married | punct |
| 35 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 married | cc |
| 36 | married | marry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 33 betrothed | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 whatever | punct |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 39 whatever | cc |
| 39 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 married | conj |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 41 like | nsubj |
| 41 | like | like | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 whatever | acl:relcl |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 call | mark |
| 43 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 like | xcomp |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 call | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 cooed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | coo | past · perfect | the pigeons | often property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not growl | infinitive · passive | the pigeons not said here | the spiteful creatures | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V» | ||||
| 3 | freeze | past · perfect · passive | the sparrows | winter | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 4 | live | past · perfect | summer | merrily property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | betroth | past · passive | sparrows = sparrow | all property | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | marry | participle | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | like | present | you | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 8 | call not said to happen | to-infinitive | you not said here | door | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/124/169/