Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Nightingale, sentence 115
Cloth had been laid down on the halls and passages, so that not a footstep should be heard, and all was silent and still.
Who acts: all · What happens: lay down, hear, be · To what, where: Cloth, halls, footstep
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cloth | Cloth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 laid | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laid | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 laid | aux:pass |
| 4 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | down | down | ADP | _ | 4 laid | compound:prt |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 halls | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 halls | det |
| 8 | halls | hall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 laid | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 passages | cc |
| 10 | passages | passage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 halls | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 heard | punct |
| 12 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 19 heard | mark |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 heard | mark |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 footstep | advmod |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 footstep | det |
| 16 | footstep | footstep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 heard | aux:pass |
| 19 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 laid | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 silent | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 silent | cc |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 silent | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 silent | cop |
| 24 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 heard | parataxis |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 still | cc |
| 26 | still | still | ADV | _ | 24 silent | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lay down | past · perfect · passive | Cloth | the halls and passages | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on hall=Destination | ||||
| 2 | hear | should · passive | a footstep | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | is | past | all | silent property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/125/115/