Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Nightingale, sentence 118
The poor emperor, finding he could scarcely breathe with a strange weight on his chest, opened his eyes, and saw Death sitting there.
Who acts: poor emperor, emperor, Death · What happens: find, breathe, open, see, sit · To what, where: chest, eyes, Death · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor emperor, emperor, Death), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 emperor | det |
| 2 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 emperor | amod |
| 3 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 opened | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 finding | punct |
| 5 | finding | find | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 emperor | acl |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 breathe | nsubj |
| 7 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 breathe | aux |
| 8 | scarcely | scarcely | ADV | _ | 9 breathe | advmod |
| 9 | breathe | breathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 finding | ccomp |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 weight | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 weight | det |
| 12 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 weight | amod |
| 13 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breathe | obl |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 chest | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 chest | nmod:poss |
| 16 | chest | chest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breathe | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 emperor | punct |
| 18 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 20 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 opened | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 saw | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 saw | cc |
| 23 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 opened | conj |
| 24 | Death | Death | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 saw | obj |
| 25 | sitting | sit | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 saw | xcomp |
| 26 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 sitting | advmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 opened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | gerund | the poor emperor not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | breathe | could | emperor | emperor's chest | with a strange weight; scarcely property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Agent on chest=Destination | |||
| 3 | open | past | the poor emperor | emperor's eyes | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | past | the poor emperor not said here | Death | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | sit | gerund | Death not said here | there | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/125/118/