Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Nightingale, sentence 152
When he awoke, strengthened and restored, the sun shone brightly through the window; but not one of his servants had returned--they all believed he was dead; only the nightingale still sat beside him, and sang.
Who acts: emperor, sun, servants, nightingale · What happens: awake, strengthen, restore, shine, return, believe · To what, where: window, one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Nightingale. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (emperor, sun, servants, nightingale), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 awoke | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 awoke | nsubj |
| 3 | awoke | awake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 sang | advcl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 strengthened | punct |
| 5 | strengthened | strengthen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 awoke | parataxis |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 restored | cc |
| 7 | restored | restore | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 strengthened | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 shone | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sun | det |
| 10 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 shone | nsubj |
| 11 | shone | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 awoke | conj |
| 12 | brightly | brightly | ADV | _ | 11 shone | advmod |
| 13 | through | through | ADP | _ | 15 window | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 window | det |
| 15 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 shone | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 returned | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 returned | cc |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 one | advmod |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 24 returned | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 servants | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 servants | nmod:poss |
| 22 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 one | nmod |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 returned | aux |
| 24 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 awoke | conj |
| 25 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 28 believed | punct |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 believed | nsubj |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 believed | advmod |
| 28 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 returned | advcl |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 dead | nsubj |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 dead | cop |
| 31 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 believed | ccomp |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 sat | punct |
| 33 | only | only | ADV | _ | 35 nightingale | advmod |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 nightingale | det |
| 35 | nightingale | nightingale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 sat | nsubj |
| 36 | still | still | ADV | _ | 37 sat | advmod |
| 37 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 awoke | conj |
| 38 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 39 him | case |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 sat | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 sang | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 sang | cc |
| 42 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 42 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | awake | past | emperor | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | strengthen | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | restore | participle | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | shine | past | the sun | the window | brightly property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through window=Location | |||
| 5 | return | past · perfect · passive | one of emperor's servants | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 6 | believe | past | servants = servant | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 7 | is | past | emperor | dead property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | sit | past | the nightingale | still | beside emperor | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beside he=Location | |||
| 9 | sing speech: express | past | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/125/152/