Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Garden of Paradise, sentence 8

The clouds gathered, and the rain poured down as if the sky had been a waterspout; and it was as dark as the bottom of a well at midnight; sometimes he slipped over the smooth grass, or fell over stones that projected out of the rocky ground.

Who acts: clouds, rain, sky, stones · What happens: gather, pour down, be, slip, fall, project · To what, where: waterspout, smooth grass, stones, rocky ground

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Garden of Paradise. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clouds, rain, sky, stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 clouds	det
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gathered	nsubj
3	gathered	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 poured	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 poured	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rain	det
7	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 poured	nsubj
8	poured	pour	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 gathered	parataxis
9	down	down	ADP	_	8 poured	compound:prt
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	17 waterspout	mark
11	if	if	SCONJ	_	17 waterspout	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sky	det
13	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 waterspout	nsubj
14	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 waterspout	aux
15	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	17 waterspout	cop
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 waterspout	det
17	waterspout	waterspout	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 poured	advcl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 dark	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 dark	cc
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 dark	nsubj
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 dark	cop
22	as	as	ADV	_	23 dark	advmod
23	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 gathered	conj
24	as	as	ADP	_	26 bottom	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 bottom	det
26	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 dark	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	29 well	case
28	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 well	det
29	well	well	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 bottom	nmod
30	at	at	ADP	_	31 midnight	case
31	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 well	nmod
32	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 slipped	punct
33	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	35 slipped	advmod
34	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	35 slipped	nsubj
35	slipped	slip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 gathered	parataxis
36	over	over	ADP	_	39 grass	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 grass	det
38	smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 grass	amod
39	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 slipped	obl
40	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 fell	punct
41	or	or	CCONJ	_	42 fell	cc
42	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	35 slipped	conj
43	over	over	ADP	_	44 stones	case
44	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 fell	obl
45	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	46 projected	nsubj
46	projected	project	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	44 stones	acl:relcl
47	out	out	ADP	_	51 ground	case
48	of	of	ADP	_	51 ground	case
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 ground	det
50	rocky	rocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	51 ground	amod
51	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 projected	obl
52	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gathered	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	gather	past	the clouds				vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pour down	participle	the rain				vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source
3	is a	past · perfect	the sky	a waterspout			tree rules
4	is	past	sky			as the bottom of a well at midnight; dark property	tree rules
5	slip	past	rain		the smooth grass	sometimes property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
6	fall	past	rain not said here		stones		vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over stone=Location
7	project	past	stones		the rocky ground		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out ground=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/140/8/