Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Portuguese Duck, sentence 45
You are a real songster," he said, "you do as much with your little voice as it is possible to do; but there requires more noise and shrillness in any one who wishes it to be known who he is."
Who acts: You, Chinese, voice, one · What happens: be, say, do, require, wish, know · To what, where: real songster, more noise, voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Portuguese Duck. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, Chinese, voice, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 songster | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 songster | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 songster | det |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 songster | amod |
| 5 | songster | songster | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 songster | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 songster | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 songster | parataxis |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 do | punct |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 do | punct |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 do | nsubj |
| 13 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 do | aux |
| 14 | as | as | ADV | _ | 15 much | advmod |
| 15 | much | much | ADV | _ | 25 do | advmod |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 voice | case |
| 17 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 voice | nmod:poss |
| 18 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 voice | amod |
| 19 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 much | nmod |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 possible | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 possible | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 possible | cop |
| 23 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 much | advcl |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 do | mark |
| 25 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | ccomp |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 requires | punct |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 requires | cc |
| 28 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 requires | advmod |
| 29 | requires | require | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 said | conj |
| 30 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 31 noise | amod |
| 31 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 requires | obj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 shrillness | cc |
| 33 | shrillness | shrillness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 noise | conj |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 one | case |
| 35 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 36 one | det |
| 36 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 requires | obl |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 wishes | nsubj |
| 38 | wishes | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 one | acl:relcl |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 wishes | obj |
| 40 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 known | mark |
| 41 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 known | aux:pass |
| 42 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 wishes | advcl |
| 43 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 45 is | obj |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 is | nsubj |
| 45 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 known | ccomp |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 songster | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | You | a real songster | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Chinese | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | is | present | voice | possible property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | do | present · do-support | you | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | require | present | Chinese not said here | more noise and shrillness | there | in any one | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme noise=Precondition | ||
| 6 | wish | present | any one | voice | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme | ||||
| 7 | know | to-infinitive · passive | any one not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | be | present | Chinese | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot who=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/145/45/