Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Psyche, sentence 7
Then already the palace of the Caesars was a ruin, as it is now; fig trees and laurels grew among the fallen marble columns, and in the desolate bathing-halls, where the gilding still clings to the wall; the Coliseum was a gigantic ruin; the church bells sounded, the incense sent up its fragrant cloud, and through the streets marched processions with flaming tapers and glowing canopies.
Who acts: palace, fig trees, gilding, Coliseum, church bells, incense · What happens: be, grow, fall, desolate, cling, sound · To what, where: ruin, desolate bathing halls, gigantic ruin, incense, fragrant cloud, processions
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Psyche. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (palace, fig trees, gilding, Coliseum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 palace | advmod |
| 2 | already | already | ADV | _ | 4 palace | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 palace | det |
| 4 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ruin | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Caesars | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Caesars | det |
| 7 | Caesars | Caesar | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 palace | nmod |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 ruin | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 ruin | det |
| 10 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 is | punct |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 is | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 is | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 ruin | acl:relcl |
| 15 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 14 is | advmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 trees | punct |
| 17 | fig | fig | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 trees | compound |
| 18 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 grew | nsubj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 laurels | cc |
| 20 | laurels | laurel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 trees | conj |
| 21 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 ruin | acl:relcl |
| 22 | among | among | ADP | _ | 26 columns | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 columns | det |
| 24 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 columns | amod |
| 25 | marble | marble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 columns | amod |
| 26 | columns | column | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 grew | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 halls | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 halls | cc |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 halls | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 halls | det |
| 31 | desolate | desolate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 halls | compound |
| 32 | bathing | bathing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 halls | compound |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 bathing | punct |
| 34 | halls | hall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 grew | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 clings | punct |
| 36 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 40 clings | advmod |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 gilding | det |
| 38 | gilding | gilding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 clings | nsubj |
| 39 | still | still | ADV | _ | 40 clings | advmod |
| 40 | clings | cling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 halls | advcl |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 wall | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 wall | det |
| 43 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 clings | obl |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 50 ruin | punct |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Coliseum | det |
| 46 | Coliseum | Coliseum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 ruin | nsubj |
| 47 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 ruin | cop |
| 48 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 ruin | det |
| 49 | gigantic | gigantic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 ruin | amod |
| 50 | ruin | ruin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 clings | conj |
| 51 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 55 sounded | punct |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 bells | det |
| 53 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 bells | compound |
| 54 | bells | bell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 sounded | nsubj |
| 55 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 ruin | parataxis |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 incense | punct |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 incense | det |
| 58 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 sounded | obl |
| 59 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 58 incense | acl |
| 60 | up | up | ADP | _ | 59 sent | compound:prt |
| 61 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 cloud | nmod:poss |
| 62 | fragrant | fragrant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 63 cloud | amod |
| 63 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 sent | obj |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 marched | punct |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 marched | cc |
| 66 | through | through | ADP | _ | 68 streets | case |
| 67 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 68 streets | det |
| 68 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 marched | obl |
| 69 | marched | march | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 55 sounded | conj |
| 70 | processions | procession | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 marched | obj |
| 71 | with | with | ADP | _ | 73 tapers | case |
| 72 | flaming | flaming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 tapers | compound |
| 73 | tapers | taper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 69 marched | obl |
| 74 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 glowing | cc |
| 75 | glowing | glow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 69 marched | conj |
| 76 | canopies | canopy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 glowing | obj |
| 77 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 ruin | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the palace of the Caesars | a ruin | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | present | palace | a ruin not said here | now | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ruin=Theme | |||
| 3 | grow | past | fig trees and laurels | a ruin not said here | the desolate bathing halls | among the fallen marble columns | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ruin=Theme | ||
| 4 | fall | participle | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | desolate | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | cling | present | the gilding | still | to the wall | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to wall=Co-Theme | |||
| 7 | is a | past | the Coliseum | a gigantic ruin | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | sound | past | the church bells | the incense | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 9 | send up | participle | the incense not said here | Coliseum's fragrant cloud | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme | ||||
| 10 | march | past | the church bells not said here | processions | the streets | with flaming tapers | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent procession=Theme through street=Trajectory | ||
| 11 | glow | gerund | the church bells not said here | canopies | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent canopy=Theme | ||||
| 12 | cloud | Coliseum | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/151/7/