Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 3, sentence 71
Outside the reef it looks as if the boat was not approaching land but going back to sea; then the man who is standing up gives them the signal that the great wave is coming which is to float them across the reef.
Who acts: it, boat, man, signal · What happens: look, not approach, go back, stand up, give, come · To what, where: land, signal, boats, reef
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, boat, man, signal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Outside | outside | ADP | _ | 3 reef | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 reef | det |
| 3 | reef | reef | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 looks | obl |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 looks | nsubj |
| 5 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 approaching | mark |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 12 approaching | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 boat | det |
| 9 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 approaching | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 approaching | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 approaching | advmod |
| 12 | approaching | approach | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 looks | advcl |
| 13 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 approaching | obj |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 going | cc |
| 15 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 approaching | conj |
| 16 | back | back | ADV | _ | 15 going | advmod |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 sea | case |
| 18 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 going | obl |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 gives | punct |
| 20 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 27 gives | advmod |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 man | det |
| 22 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 gives | nsubj |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 standing | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 standing | aux |
| 25 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 man | acl:relcl |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 standing | compound:prt |
| 27 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 looks | conj |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 gives | iobj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 signal | det |
| 30 | signal | signal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 gives | obj |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 coming | nsubj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 wave | det |
| 33 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 wave | amod |
| 34 | wave | wave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 coming | nsubj |
| 35 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 coming | aux |
| 36 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 signal | acl:relcl |
| 37 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 float | nsubj |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 float | cop |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 float | mark |
| 40 | float | float | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 signal | acl:relcl |
| 41 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 float | obj |
| 42 | across | across | ADP | _ | 44 reef | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 reef | det |
| 44 | reef | reef | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 float | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 looks | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | present | it | outside the reef | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent outside reef=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not approach | past · progressive | the boat | land | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go back | gerund | the boat not said here | to sea result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to sea=Result | ||||
| 4 | stand up | present · progressive | the man | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | give | present | the man | the signal | boats = boat | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient signal=Theme | ||
| 6 | come | present · progressive | the signal | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | is | present | the signal | the signal not said here | the reef | float property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/160/71/