Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5, sentence 11

The shoals of the mackerel glittered in the dark nights, and indicated where they were swimming; the gurnards snarled, and the crabs gave forth pitiful yells when they were chased, for fish are not so mute as people say.

Who acts: shoals, crabs, fish, people · What happens: glitter, indicate, swim, snarl, give, chase · To what, where: mackerel, shoals, gurnards, pitiful yells, crabs · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Story From the Sand-hills, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shoals, crabs, fish, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 shoals	det
2	shoals	shoal	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 indicated	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 mackerel	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 mackerel	det
5	mackerel	mackerel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 shoals	nmod
6	glittered	glitter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 mackerel	acl
7	in	in	ADP	_	10 nights	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 nights	det
9	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 nights	amod
10	nights	night	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 glittered	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 indicated	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 indicated	cc
13	indicated	indicate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	17 swimming	advmod
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 swimming	nsubj
16	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 swimming	aux
17	swimming	swim	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 indicated	advcl
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 gurnards	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 gurnards	det
20	gurnards	gurnard	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 indicated	obl
21	snarled	snarl	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 gurnards	acl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 gave	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 gave	cc
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 crabs	det
25	crabs	crab	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 gave	nsubj
26	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 indicated	conj
27	forth	forth	ADV	_	26 gave	advmod
28	pitiful	pitiful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 yells	amod
29	yells	yell	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 gave	obj
30	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	33 chased	advmod
31	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 chased	nsubj:pass
32	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	33 chased	aux:pass
33	chased	chase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 gave	advcl
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	40 mute	punct
35	for	for	SCONJ	_	40 mute	mark
36	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	40 mute	nsubj
37	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 mute	cop
38	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	40 mute	advmod
39	so	so	ADV	_	40 mute	advmod
40	mute	mute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 chased	parataxis
41	as	as	SCONJ	_	43 say	mark
42	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	43 say	nsubj
43	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	40 mute	advcl
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 indicated	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	glitter	participle		the mackerel not said here	night		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	indicate	participle · passive		the shoals of the mackerel		the gurnards obl	vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
3	swim	past · progressive	shoals = shoal				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	snarl	participle		the gurnards not said here			vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	give	past	the crabs	pitiful yells		forth property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yell=Theme
6	chase	past · passive		crabs = crab			vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
7	not is	present	fish			mute property	tree rules
8	say speech: assert	present	people				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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