Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Shadow, sentence 223
"No one shall know," said the shadow; "not even my own shadow;" and he had very particular reasons for saying so.
Who acts: one, shadow, man, my · What happens: know, say, have, shadow · To what, where: particular reasons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, shadow, man, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 know | punct |
| 2 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 3 one | det |
| 3 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 know | nsubj |
| 4 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 know | aux |
| 5 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 said | ccomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 know | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 know | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 shadow | det |
| 10 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 shadow | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 shadow | punct |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 shadow | advmod |
| 14 | even | even | ADV | _ | 17 shadow | advmod |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 shadow | nmod:poss |
| 16 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 shadow | amod |
| 17 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 shadow | conj |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 had | cc |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 had | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 said | conj |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 particular | advmod |
| 24 | particular | particular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 reasons | amod |
| 25 | reasons | reason | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 had | obj |
| 26 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 27 saying | mark |
| 27 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 had | advcl |
| 28 | so | so | ADV | _ | 27 saying | advmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know in a quote | shall | no one | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the shadow and my own shadow | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | have | past | man | particular reasons | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | gerund | man not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | shadow in a quote | my | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/165/223/