Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Shadow, sentence 56
To whom have I the honor of speaking?" said he.
Who acts: I, honor · What happens: speak, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shadow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, honor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 2 whom | case |
| 2 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 speaking | obl |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 speaking | aux |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 speaking | nsubj |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 honor | det |
| 6 | honor | honor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 speaking | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 speaking | mark |
| 8 | speaking | speak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 said | ccomp |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 speaking | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 speaking | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 said | nsubj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | present | I | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to whom=Co-Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | honor | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/165/56/