Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Snow Man, sentence 40
The snow creaked and crackled beneath her feet, as if she had been treading on starch.
Who acts: snow · What happens: creak, crackle, tread · To what, where: feet, starch
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Snow Man. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 snow | det |
| 2 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 creaked | nsubj |
| 3 | creaked | creak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 crackled | cc |
| 5 | crackled | crackle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 creaked | conj |
| 6 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 8 feet | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 feet | nmod:poss |
| 8 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 crackled | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 treading | punct |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 treading | mark |
| 11 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 15 treading | mark |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 treading | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 treading | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 treading | aux |
| 15 | treading | tread | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 crackled | advcl |
| 16 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 starch | case |
| 17 | starch | starch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 treading | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 creaked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | creak | past | the snow | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | crackle | past | the snow not said here | snow's feet | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath foot=Location | ||||
| 3 | tread | past · perfect · progressive | snow | starch | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on starch=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/169/40/