Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, A Little Boy and a Little Girl, sentence 45
Why do you cry?" said he at last; "it makes you look ugly.
Who acts: you, glass, pain · What happens: cry, say, make, look · To what, where: last, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, A Little Boy and a Little Girl. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, glass, pain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 cry | advmod |
| 2 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 cry | aux |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 cry | nsubj |
| 4 | cry | cry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 cry | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 cry | punct |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 cry | acl |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 last | case |
| 10 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 said | obl |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 makes | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 makes | punct |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 makes | nsubj |
| 14 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 cry | parataxis |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 makes | obj |
| 16 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 makes | xcomp |
| 17 | ugly | ugly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 look | xcomp |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 cry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cry speech: express | present · do-support | you | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | glass | last | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | make | present | pain | you | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | look | infinitive | you not said here | ugly property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/171/45/